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In this photo taken August 23, 1939, Soviet dictator Josef Stalin, second from right, smiles while Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov, seated, signs the non-aggression pact with German Reich Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop, third from right, in Moscow. The man at left is Soviet Deputy Defense Minister and Chief of the General Staff, Marshal Boris Shaposhnikov. Others are unidentified. Tuesday Sept. 1, 2009, marks 70 years since the Nazis invaded Poland on Sept. 1, 1939, shortly after Josef Stalin's Soviet Union reached a nonaggression pact with Germany that included a secret protocol dividing eastern Europe into spheres of influence. The Kremlin recently has mounted a defense against suggestions that the Soviet Union shares responsibility for the outbreak of the war. (AP Photo/File)