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Swollen fallopian tube. This is a condition known as hydrosalpinx, the accumulation of fluid in, and dilation of, a damaged fallopian tube. The damage can be a result of pelvic inflammation, most often caused by sexually transmitted diseases, or surgery. Blocked fallopian tubes are a cause of infertility, as the egg has to travel along the fallopian tube to meet the sperm. (KEYSTONE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/CNRI/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY)