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'General View of Cairo', 1890. Cairo was founded in 969 AD by the Fatimid dynasty, Cairo Citadel was fortified by Salah al-Din (Saladin) between c1176- 1183 to protect it from Crusaders and is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site. From "Cassell's Illustrated Universal History, Vol. III - The Middle Ages", by Edmund Ollier. [Cassell and Company, Limited, London, Paris and Melbourne, 1890] (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/The Print Collector)