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'Constantinople', 1890. Constantinople, capital of the Roman Empire (330-395), Byzantine Empire (395-1204 and 1261-1453), and a Crusader state known as the Latin Empire (1204-1261). From mid-5th century to early 13th century, it was the largest and wealthiest city in Europe. From "Cassell's Illustrated Universal History, Vol. III - The Middle Ages", by Edmund Ollier. [Cassell and Company, Limited, London, Paris and Melbourne, 1890. ] (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/The Print Collector)