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Emperor penguin chicks (Aptenodytes forsteri), Snow Hill Island, Weddell Sea, Antarctica, Polar Regions *** Local Caption *** The Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) is the tallest and heaviest of all living penguin species. It is the only penguin that breeds during the winter in Antarctica. Emperor Penguins eat mainly crustaceans (such as krill) but also occasionally indulge in small fish and squid. In the wild, Emperor Penguins typically live for 20 years, but some records indicate a maximum lifespan of around 40 years. The Emperor Penguin should not be confused with the closely related King Penguin or the Royal Penguin. (KEYSTONE/ROBERT HARDING/Thorsten Milse)