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ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, SCOTTISH-AMERICAN INVENTOR

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-American speech therapist and inventor of the telephone. Bell followed his father and grandfather into the speech therapy profession, but also studied sound waves and the mechanics of speech. By 1871, he had moved to the USA, becoming professor of Vocal Physiology at Boston. There he performed his experiments in converting sound waves into electrical impulses for transmission down wires. In 1876, he patented the 'telephone', and founded what has become the AT&T Company. In later years he made many improvements to the telephone, worked with Langley and Curtis on flying machines, and founded the journal Science. (KEYSTONE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION/COPYRIGHT STATUS UNKNOWN/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, SCOTTISH-AMERICAN INVENTOR

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-American speech therapist and inventor of the telephone. Bell followed his father and grandfather into the speech therapy profession, but also studied sound waves and the mechanics of speech. By 1871, he had moved to the USA, becoming professor of Vocal Physiology at Boston. There he performed his experiments in converting sound waves into electrical impulses for transmission down wires. In 1876, he patented the 'telephone', and founded what has become the AT&T Company. In later years he made many improvements to the telephone, worked with Langley and Curtis on flying machines, and founded the journal Science. Photographed in 1876. (KEYSTONE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION/COPYRIGHT STATUS UNKNOWN/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, SCOTTISH-AMERICAN INVENTOR

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-American speech therapist and inventor of the telephone. Bell followed his father and grandfather into the speech therapy profession, but also studied sound waves and the mechanics of speech. By 1871, he had moved to the USA, becoming professor of Vocal Physiology at Boston. There he performed his experiments in converting sound waves into electrical impulses for transmission down wires. In 1876, he patented the 'telephone', and founded what has become the AT&T Company. In later years he made many improvements to the telephone, worked with Langley and Curtis on flying machines, and founded the journal Science. Photographed c. 1880s..... (KEYSTONE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION/COPYRIGHT STATUS UNKNOWN/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, SCOTTISH-AMERICAN INVENTOR

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922). 1867 illustration of the Scottish-US inventor Alexander Graham Bell. Bell is best known for his pioneering work in the development of the telephone. He followed his father and grandfather into the speech therapy profession, but also studied sound waves and the mechanics of speech. By 1871, he had moved to the USA, becoming professor of Vocal Physiology at Boston. He performed experiments in converting sound waves into electrical impulses for transmission down wires (telephony). While not the true inventor of the telephone, Bell's work helped develop and make telephones into practical working devices. He patented his telephone (1876) and founded the Bell Telephone Company. (KEYSTONE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/COLLECTION ABECASIS/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL AND HIS WIFE, 1903

Alexander Graham Bell and his wife, 1903. Scottish-US inventor and telephone pioneer Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922) with his wife Mabel Gardiner Hubbard Bell (1857-1923), who is standing in a tetrahedral kite. Mabel, who became deaf from the age of five, was one of Bell's private pupils when he was a teacher of the deaf and professor of Vocal Physiology and Elocution in Boston, USA. They married in 1877. Bell had been experimenting with kite designs since 1898, culminating in his tetrahedral wings (Cygnet I, II and III) of 1907 to 1912. Tests were carried out at the family's summer residence at Baddeck, Nova Scotia, Canada. Photographed in Baddeck on 16 October 1903. (KEYSTONE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/LIBRARY OF CONGRESS/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL

Portrait of Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-American speech therapist and inventor of the telephone. Bell followed his father and grandfather into the speech therapy profession, but also studied sound waves and the mechanics of speech. By 1871, he had moved to the USA, becoming professor of Vocal Physiology at Boston. There he performed his experiments in converting sound waves into electrical impulses for transmission down wires. In 1876, he patented the 'telephone', and founded what has become the AT&T Company. In later years he made many improvements to the telephone, worked with Langley and Curtis on flying machines, and founded the journal Science. (KEYSTONE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/LIBRARY OF CONGRESS/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL

Portrait of Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-American speech therapist and inventor of the telephone. Bell followed his father and grandfather into the speech therapy profession, but also studied sound waves and the mechanics of speech. By 1871, he had moved to the USA, becoming professor of Vocal Physiology at Boston. There he performed his experiments in converting sound waves into electrical impulses for transmission down wires. In 1876, he patented the 'telephone', and founded what has become the AT&T Company. In later years he made many improvements to the telephone, worked with Langley and Curtis on flying machines, and founded the journal Science. (KEYSTONE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/LIBRARY OF CONGRESS/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, TELEPHONE PIONEER

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922) Scottish-born American inventor: patented telephone 1876. Bell in lecture hall of Boston University, communicating by means of his second telephone to colleague in basement. Wood engraving, Paris, 1883. (KEYSTONE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/Universal History Archive/UIG/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, TELEPHONE PIONEER

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922) Scottish-born American inventor: patented telephone 1876. Bell filing caveat for his telephone at United States Patent Office at 3pm on 14 February, just 2 hours before Elisha Gray. Bell's telephone is on the table, right. Wood engraving published Paris c1890 (KEYSTONE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/Universal History Archive/UIG/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, TELEPHONE PIONEER

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922) Scottish-born American inventor, lecturing on his telephone at Salem (top) while friends in his study at Boston listen to his lecture - 12 February 1877. Wood engraving published Paris 1890 (KEYSTONE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/Universal History Archive/UIG/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, TELEPHONE PIONEER

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922) Scottish-born American inventor, lecturing on his telephone at Salem (top) while friends in his study at Boston listen to his lecture - 12 February 1877. Wood engraving published New York 1890. (KEYSTONE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/Universal History Archive/UIG/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL

Portrait of Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-American speech therapist and inventor of the telephone. Bell followed his father and grandfather into the speech therapy profession, but also studied sound waves and the mechanics of speech. By 1871, he had moved to the USA, becoming professor of vodal physiology a Boston. There he performed his experiments in converting sound waves into electrical impulses for transmission down wires. In 1876, he patented the telephone and founded what has become the AT&T company. In later years he made many improvements to the telephone, worked with Langley and Curtis on flying machines, and founded the journal "Science." (KEYSTONE/SCIENCE SOURCE/New York Public Library Picture)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL

Portrait of Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-American speech therapist and inventor of the telephone. Bell followed his father and grandfather into the speech therapy profession, but also studied sound waves and the mechanics of speech. By 1871, he had moved to the USA, becoming professor of vodal physiology a Boston. There he performed his experiments in converting sound waves into electrical impulses for transmission down wires. In 1876, he patented the telephone and founded what has become the AT&T company. In later years he made many improvements to the telephone, worked with Langley and Curtis on flying machines, and founded the journal "Science." (KEYSTONE/SCIENCE SOURCE/New York Public Library Picture)

PORTRAIT OF ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL (BY R.KASTOR)

Portrait of Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-American speech therapist and inventor of the telephone. Bell followed his father and grandfather into the speech therapy profession, but also studied sound waves and the mechanics of speech. By 1871, he had moved to the USA, becoming professor of Vocal Physiology at Boston. There he performed his experiments in converting sound waves into electrical impulses for transmission down wires. In 1876, he patented the 'telephone', and founded what has become the AT&T Company. In later years he made many improvements to the telephone, worked with Langley and Curtis on flying machines, and founded the journal Science. (KEYSTONE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/LIBRARY OF CONGRESS/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY)

DAS TELEFON VON ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, 1861, DIGITAL RESTAURIERTE REPRODUKTION EINER ORIGINALVORLAGE AUS DEM 19. JAHRHUNDERT

Das Telefon von Alexander Graham Bell, 1861, digital restaurierte Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 19. Jahrhundert. Das Telefon von Alexander Graham Bell, 1861, digital restaurierte Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 19. Jahrhundert. (KEYSTONE/imageBROKER/Sunny Celeste)

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY. ANNIVERSARY OF BELL TELEPHONE. FRONT: THEODORE NEWTON VAIL AND ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL; BACK OF BELL, THOMAS AUGUSTUS WATSON, ASSOC. WITH BELL IN EXPERIMENTS. DIAGONALLY UPWARD, RIGHT: JOHN .J. CARTY; G.H. GROSVENOR; J.O. LAGORC

National Geographic Society. Anniversary of Bell Telephone. Front: Theodore Newton Vail And Alexander Graham Bell; Back of Bell, Thomas Augustus Watson, Assoc. with Bell in Experiments. Diagonally Upward, Right: John .J. Carty; G.H. Grosvenor; J.O. Lagorce, 1916. National Geographical [sic] Society - Anniversary of Bell Telephone, 1916. Creator: Harris & Ewing. (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/HERITAGE ART)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, AMERICAN INVENTOR, SCIENTIST, ENGINEER, TELEPHONE, USA, 1940

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), American inventor, scientist, engineer, telephone, postage stamp, USA, 1940 --- Artist's Copyright has not to be cleared, (KEYSTONE/INTERFOTO/Ivan Vdovin)

TELEPHONE OF ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, 1877,

SG hist., Post, Telefon, erster Apparat von Alexander Graham Bell, Sender und Empfänger, Xylografie, 1877, --- mail, telephone, first apparatus of Alexander Graham Bell, transmitter and receiver, wood engraving, 1877, --- Artist's Copyright has not to be cleared, (KEYSTONE/INTERFOTO/Sammlung Rauch)

TELEPHONE OF ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, 1877,

SG hist., Post, Telefon, verbesserter Apparat von Alexander Graham Bell, Querschnitt, Magnet und schwingende Platte, Xylografie, 1877, --- mail, telephone, improved apparatus of Alexander Graham Bell, cross section, magnet and swinging plate, wood engraving, 1877, --- Artist's Copyright has not to be cleared, (KEYSTONE/INTERFOTO/Sammlung Rauch)

TELEPHONE OF ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, 1877,

SG hist., Post, Telefon, verbesserter Apparat von Alexander Graham Bell, telefonische Leitung, Xylografie, 1877, --- mail, telephone, improved apparatus of Alexander Graham Bell, telephonic line, wood engraving, 1877, --- Artist's Copyright has not to be cleared, (KEYSTONE/INTERFOTO/Sammlung Rauch)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL

Alexander Graham Bell's (3rd March 1847 - 2nd August 1922) Inventor of original Bell's telephone dated 1876. (KEYSTONE/World History Archive/)

PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAIT OF ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL

Photographic portrait of Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922) a Scottish-born scientist, inventor, engineer and innovator. Dated 20th Century (KEYSTONE/World History Archive/)

ALEXANDER-GRAHAM BELL

Alexander-Graham Bell, Erfinder des Telefons. Undatierte Aufnahme. Alexander-Graham Bell, inventor of the telephone. Undated picture. (KEYSTONE/SUEDDEUTSCHE ZEITUNG PHOTO/SZ PHOTO)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL PRÄSENTIERT DAS TELEFON, 1877

Alexander Graham Bell (rechts), Erfinder des ersten brauchbaren Telefons, bei der Vorführung seiner revolutionären Apparatur in Boston. Alexander Graham Bell (right), inventor of the first practical telephone, at the presentation of his revolutionary apparatus in Boston. (KEYSTONE/SUEDDEUTSCHE ZEITUNG PHOTO/SZ PHOTO)

PICTURE OF ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL

Picture of British inventor and scientist Alexander Graham Bell. USA, 1910s (KEYSTONE/Mondadori Portfolio/)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL (USA, 1847-1922), ENGINEER. OPENING THE PHONE LINE FROM NEW YORK TO CHICAGO?

Alexander Graham Bell (USA, 1847-1922), engineer. Opening the phone line from New York to Chicago in 1892, Spanish and American Ilustration. (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Index Fototeca)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL: THE SOUND AND THE SILENCE

Alexander Graham Bell: The Sound and the Silence, Fernsehfilm, Kanada/Neuseeland/Irland 1991, Regie: John Kent Harrison, Darsteller: John Bach (KEYSTONE/UNITED ARCHIVES/United Archives/IFTN)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL: THE SOUND AND THE SILENCE

Alexander Graham Bell: The Sound and the Silence, Fernsehfilm, Kanada/Neuseeland/Irland 1991, Regie: John Kent Harrison, Darsteller: Francis Bell, John Bach (KEYSTONE/UNITED ARCHIVES/United Archives/IFTN)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL: THE SOUND AND THE SILENCE

Alexander Graham Bell: The Sound and the Silence, Fernsehfilm, Kanada/Neuseeland/Irland 1991, Regie: John Kent Harrison, Darsteller: John Bach, Elizabeth Quinn (KEYSTONE/UNITED ARCHIVES/United Archives/IFTN)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL: THE SOUND AND THE SILENCE

Alexander Graham Bell: The Sound and the Silence, Fernsehfilm, Kanada/Neuseeland/Irland 1991, Regie: John Kent Harrison, Darsteller: Brenda Fricker (KEYSTONE/UNITED ARCHIVES/United Archives/IFTN)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL (1847-1922), SCOTTISH-BORN AMERICAN INVENTOR. ARTIST: UNKNOWN.

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-born American inventor, 1892. Bell patented the telephone in 1876. Here he is inaugurating the 1520 km telephone link between New York and Chicago, watched by a crowd of interested onlookers, on 18 October 1892. (Colorised black and white print). (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/The Print Collector)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL / SAMMELBILD

Bell, Alexander Edinburgh 3.3.1847 – Baddeck (Neuschottland) 1.8.1922.Physiologe; erfand 1876 ein Telefon...Porträt...Farbdruck (Sammelbild der Gutermann-Nähseidenfabrik); aus dem Album: “Cent Portraits d'Hommes célèbres”, Bruxelles.(éd. par Gutermann S.A.), o. J. (um 1920?).Paris, Privatsammlung. (KEYSTONE/akg-images/akg-images)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL / ZEICHNUNG

Bell, Alexander; amerik. Physiologe schott. Herkunft; konstruierte 1876 ein Telefon; Edinburgh 3.3.1847 – Baddeck.(Neuschottland) 1.8.1922...Porträt...Zeichnung, unbez. (KEYSTONE/akg-images/akg-images)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL / FOTO 1880

Bell, Alexander; amerik. Physiologe schott. Herkunft; konstruierte 1876 ein Telefon; Edinburgh 3.3.1847 – Baddeck.(Neuschottland) 1.8.1922..Porträtaufnahme, 1880. (KEYSTONE/akg-images/akg-images)

'ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL AND ASSISTANT USE AN ELECTRICAL DETECTOR TO FIND A BULLET IN THE TORSO OF AIL ARTIST: W SHINKLE.

'Alexander Graham Bell and assistant use an electrical detector to find a bullet in the torso of ailing US President James Garfield, 1881', c1882, (1938). In 1881, after President Garfield had Iain for several weeks with an unlocated bullet in his torso, young Mr. Bell increased his renown by making an electrical detector which he and an assistant were permitted to apply to the sufering Executive. From Adventures of America 1857-1900, by John A. Kouwenhoven [Harper & Brothers Publishers, New York and London, 1938] (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/The Print Collector)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL / SAMMELBILD

Bell, Alexander Edinburgh 3.3.1847 – Baddeck (Neuschottland) 1.8.1922.Physiologe; erfand 1876 ein Telefon...Porträt...Farbdruck (Sammelbild der Gutermann-Nähseidenfabrik); aus dem Album: “Cent Portraits d'Hommes célèbres”, Bruxelles.(éd. par Gutermann S.A.), o. J. (um 1920?).Paris, Privatsammlung. (KEYSTONE/akg-images/akg-images)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL / ZEICHNUNG

Bell, Alexander; amerik. Physiologe schott. Herkunft; konstruierte 1876 ein Telefon; Edinburgh 3.3.1847 – Baddeck.(Neuschottland) 1.8.1922...Porträt...Zeichnung, unbez. (KEYSTONE/akg-images/akg-images)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, SCIENTIST, INVENTOR, ENGINEER AND INNOVATOR, 1927

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), scientist, inventor, engineer and innovator, illustration from Soviet encyclopedia, 1927 (KEYSTONE/INTERFOTO/IVAN VDOVIN)

PHOTOPHONE BY ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, 1882. ARTIST: ANONYMOUS

Photophone by Alexander Graham Bell, 1882. Private Collection. (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Fine Art Images)

THE SILVER DART AEA DROME NO. 4 BY ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, 1908. ARTIST: ANONYMOUS

The Silver Dart AEA Drome No. 4 by Alexander Graham Bell, 1908. Private Collection. ARTIST'S COPYRIGHT MUST ALSO BE CLEARED. (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Fine Art Images)

ALEXANDER-GRAHAM BELL

Alexander-Graham Bell, Erfinder des Telefons. Undatierte Aufnahme. Aufnahmedatum: 01.01.1847-31.12.1922 | Alexander-Graham Bell, inventor of the telephone. Undated picture. Date created: 01.01.1847-31.12.1922 (KEYSTONE/SUEDDEUTSCHE ZEITUNG PHOTO/SZ Photo)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, POSTAGE STAMP, GRENADA, 1976

| DIG, Alexander Graham Bell, postage stamp, Grenada, 1976 (KEYSTONE/INTERFOTO/Ivan Vdovin)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL MAKES THE FIRST TELEPHONE CALL BETWEEN NEW YORK AND CHICAGO, USA, 1892.

Alexander Graham Bell makes the first telephone call between New York and Chicago, USA, 1892. Scottish-born American inventor Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922) produced the first intelligible telephone transmission on 5 June 1875. He patented the device as the telephone in 1876, beating rival inventor Elisha Gray, who had invented his own version, to the US patent office by just 2 hours. Bell embarked on a series of public demonstrations of his invention to introduce it to the scientific community and the general public. (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Stapleton Historical Collection)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, SCOTTISH-BORN AMERICAN INVENTOR, 19TH CENTURY.

Alexander Graham Bell, Scottish-born American inventor, 19th century. Bell (1847-1922), who patented the telephone in 1876, as a young man. (Colorised black and white print). (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/The Print Collector)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL TELEPHONES BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, USA, 1876.

Alexander Graham Bell telephones Boston, Massachusetts, USA, 1876. Bell produced the first intelligible telephone transmission on 5 June 1875. He patented the device as the telephone in 1876, beating rival inventor Elisha Gray, who had invented his own version, to the US patent office by just 2 hours. Bell embarked on a series of public demonstrations of his invention to introduce it to the scientific community and the general public. (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Keystone Archives)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL (1847-1922), SCOTTISH-BORN AMERICAN INVENTOR, 1926.

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-born American inventor, 1926. Bell produced the first intelligible telephone transmission on 5 June 1875. He patented the device as the telephone in 1876, beating rival inventor Elisha Gray, who had invented his own version, to the US patent office by just 2 hours. Bell, who became a naturalised American in 1874, also invented the phonograph (1880) and the gramophone (1887). From An Outline of Christianity, The Story of Our Civilisation, volume 4: Christianity and Modern Thought, edited by RG Parsons and AS Peake, published by the Waverley Book Club (London, 1926). (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/The Print Collector)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL (1847-1922), SCOTTISH-BORN AMERICAN INVENTOR.

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-born American inventor. Bell, who patented the telephone in 1876, as a young man. (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Ann Ronan Pictures)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL (1847-1922), SCOTTISH-BORN AMERICAN INVENTOR.

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-born American inventor, 1892. Bell patented the telephone in 1876. Here he is inaugurating the 1520 km telephone link between New York and Chicago, watched by a crowd of interested onlookers, on 18 October 1892. (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Ann Ronan Pictures)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL (1847-1922), SCOTTISH-BORN AMERICAN INVENTOR, 1883.

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-born American inventor, 1883. Bell patented the telephone in 1876. Here he is in the lecture hall of Boston University, communicating by means of his second telephone to a colleague in the basement. (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Ann Ronan Pictures)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL (1847-1922), SCOTTISH-BORN AMERICAN INVENTOR, 1907.

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-born American inventor who patented the telephone in 1876. (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Ann Ronan Pictures)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL (1847-1922), SCOTTISH-BORN AMERICAN INVENTOR, 1877 (1890).

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-born American inventor, 1877 (1890). Bell, who patented the telephone in 1876, lecturing at Salem, Massachusetts (top), while friends in his study at Boston listen to his lecture via telephone, 12 February 1877. (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Ann Ronan Pictures)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL (1847-1922), SCOTTISH-BORN AMERICAN INVENTOR, 1876.

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-born American inventor, 1876. Bell filing the patent for his telephone at the United States Patent Office at 3pm on 14 February 1876, just 2 hours before the rival device developed by Elisha Gray. Bell's telephone is on the table (right). (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Ann Ronan Pictures)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL (1847-1922), SCOTTISH-BORN AMERICAN INVENTOR, 1877 (1883).

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-born American inventor, 1877 (1883). Bell, who patented the telephone in 1876, lecturing at Salem, Massachusetts (top), while friends in his study at Boston listen to his lecture via telephone, 12 February 1877. (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Ann Ronan Pictures)

SKETCH OF ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL'S TELEPHONE OF 1876. ARTIST: ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL

Sketch of Alexander Graham Bell's telephone of 1876. Scottish-born American inventor Bell (1847-1922) filed the patent for his telephone at the United States Patent Office at 3pm on 14 February 1876, just 2 hours before a rival device developed by Elisha Gray. From the Library of Congress. (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Ann Ronan Pictures)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, SCOTTISH BORN AMERICAN INVENTOR, C1880.

Alexander Graham Bell, Scottish born American inventor, c1880. Bell (1847-1922) produced the first intelligible telephone transmission on 5 June 1875. He patented the device as the telephone in 1876, beating rival inventor Elisha Gray, who had invented his own version, to the US patent office by just 2 hours. Bell, who became a naturalised American in 1874, also invented the phonograph (1880) and the gramophone (1887). From Les Nouvelles Conquetes de la Science by Louis Figuier. (Paris, 1883). (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Oxford Science Archive)

BELL TELEPHONE, 1882. ARTIST: ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL

Bell telephone, 1882. Scottish-born American inventor Bell (1847-1922) filed the patent for his telephone at the United States Patent Office at 3pm on 14 February 1876, just 2 hours before a rival device developed by Elisha Gray. In 1878 he demonstrated the telephone to Queen Victoria at her residence, Osborne House, on the Isle of Wight. On the evening of 14 January 1878 contact was made with nearby Osborne Cottage and terminals in Southampton and London. From Physics in Pictures by Theodore Eckardt. (London, 1882). (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Oxford Science Archive)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL (1847-1922), SCOTTISH-BORN AMERICAN INVENTOR.

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-born American inventor, 1892. Bell patented the telephone in 1876. Here he is inaugurating the 1520 km telephone link between New York and Chicago, watched by a crowd of interested onlookers, on 18 October 1892. (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Ann Ronan Pictures)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL (1847-1922), SCOTTISH-BORN AMERICAN INVENTOR.

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-born American inventor. Bell, who patented the telephone in 1876, as a young man. (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Ann Ronan Pictures)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL (1847-1922), SCOTTISH-BORN AMERICAN INVENTOR, 1883.

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-born American inventor, 1883. Bell patented the telephone in 1876. Here he is in the lecture hall of Boston University, communicating by means of his second telephone to a colleague in the basement. (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Ann Ronan Pictures)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL (1847-1922), SCOTTISH-BORN AMERICAN INVENTOR, 1907.

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-born American inventor who patented the telephone in 1876. (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Ann Ronan Pictures)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL (1847-1922), SCOTTISH-BORN AMERICAN INVENTOR, 1877 (1890).

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-born American inventor, 1877 (1890). Bell, who patented the telephone in 1876, lecturing at Salem, Massachusetts (top), while friends in his study at Boston listen to his lecture via telephone, 12 February 1877. (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Ann Ronan Pictures)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL (1847-1922), SCOTTISH-BORN AMERICAN INVENTOR, 1876.

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-born American inventor, 1876. Bell filing the patent for his telephone at the United States Patent Office at 3pm on 14 February 1876, just 2 hours before the rival device developed by Elisha Gray. Bell's telephone is on the table (right). (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Ann Ronan Pictures)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL (1847-1922), SCOTTISH-BORN AMERICAN INVENTOR, 1877 (1883).

Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), Scottish-born American inventor, 1877 (1883). Bell, who patented the telephone in 1876, lecturing at Salem, Massachusetts (top), while friends in his study at Boston listen to his lecture via telephone, 12 February 1877. (KEYSTONE/HERITAGE IMAGES/Ann Ronan Pictures)

ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL LOOKING FOR BULLET IN GARFIELD

An engraving of Alexander Graham Bell hunting for a bullet in the torso of President James A. Garfield. Garfield was shot by Charles J. Guiteau on July 2, 1881 and languished for weeks due to infection, eventually dying from the wound. Alexander Graham Bell devised a metal detector to find the bullet and may have done so if Garfield's doctor had let Bell use the device on Garfield's left side. (KEYSTONE/SCIENCE SOURCE/Photo Researchers)